What is dual education? How does it differ from the standard principles of training? What are the positive aspects of this educational process and why is it exemplary for most countries? What results can we expect from its application in Asian countries, particularly in Uzbekistan? These and many other questions arise first of all when it comes to new standards of training in the vocational education system, which are currently being introduced in our country. We received comprehensive answers from the head of the GIZ project in Uzbekistan, Matthias KLINGERBERG.
– Germany is considered to be the originator of the dual education system. Currently, the experience of this country serves as a model not only for the European Union but also for other countries. Tell us more about the German dual education system. What are the differences?
– The German Dual Education system, also known as the dual vocational training system, is unique and differs from other countries’ education systems in several ways. Here are some key differences:
The dual system is the central element of the German Vocational Education system, is called “dual” because training takes place at two learning venues; in the company and at the vocational school. Depending on the occupation, duration of training is between two and three and a half years. Upon passing the final examination, apprentices receive a chamber certificate to document that training has been successfully completed. This certifies that they are in possession of employability skills in one of the state-recognized occupations.
One of the main success factors is the collaboration between Educational Institutions and Businesses: Close collaboration and partnerships between vocational schools and private companies play a crucial role in the dual system. Companies actively participate in the training process, providing training facilities, mentorship, and job opportunities for students.
– It is well known that before introducing something new, both positive and negative sides of the innovation are thoroughly studied. What are the pros and cons of the new education system? Why is it believed that the reform of the education system through the introduction of dual educational process will lead to an increase in the quality of education in general?
– The Dual Education system is often believed to lead to an increase in the quality of education for several reasons:
● Practical Skills Development: The dual educational process places a strong emphasis on practical skills development. This ensures that graduates are better prepared and equipped to meet the demands of the job market.
● Industry Relevance: The involvement of businesses and industry in the dual system ensures that the curriculum remains relevant to the needs of the labor market.
● Close Collaboration: Dual education fosters close collaboration between educational institutions and businesses. This collaboration allows for continuous feedback and communication between the two.
● Smooth Transition to the Workforce: The integration of work-based learning in the dual system facilitates a smoother transition from education to employment.
It is essential to recognize that while the dual education system has numerous advantages, it also its drawbacks, some are mentioned below:
● Early specialization: Students in the dual education system usually choose their career paths early on, often at the age of 15 or 16. While this early specialization can be beneficial for those who have a clear career goal, it may lead to a lack of flexibility for those who want to change their career trajectory later in life.
● Limited options for academic advancement: While the dual education system provides a strong foundation for vocational careers, it may not offer as many opportunities for academic advancement, such as pursuing a university degree.
● Industry-specific training: The training received in the dual education system is highly tailored to specific industries and job roles. While this is beneficial for companies seeking skilled workers, it might not equip students with the versatility to adapt to changing job market demands or shifts in the economy.
● Stigma around vocational education: In some societies, there might be a social stigma attached to vocational education, where academic paths are seen as more prestigious or desirable.
– How does dual education develop in other countries? Please give real examples of the positive impact of this system on the quality of education. What foreign countries’ experience has been studied and applied in our country? What types of dual education are being implemented in Uzbekistan?
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